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The second-largest forest complex of the Podlaskie Lowland after the Białowieża Forest: around 1,050 sq km of woods on terminal moraine north of Białystok, cut through by the Supraśl river. Bison have lived here since 1974, and researchers consider this the only counterpart of the south-western taiga in Central Europe.
Scots pine and Norway spruce dominate the stands, with birch, alder and oak among them. The varied moraine relief creates microclimates favourable to boreal species — hence the taiga comparisons. Around 290 trees have the status of natural monuments: the oldest pedunculate oak near Dworzysk is some 500 years old, and a record linden measures over 6.5 m in girth. Entomologists have counted around 2,000 beetle species here.
A bison refuge has operated in the forest since 1974; wolves and black storks also occur in the woods. Nearly 95% of the Knyszyn Forest Landscape Park, established in 1988 with its seat in Supraśl, lies within the basin of a single river — the Supraśl, with the Sokołda and Czarna as tributaries. Some streams have gradients above 3 per mille, like upland rivers.
The oldest traces of settlement are 10,000 years old; at Konne archaeologists discovered a Mesolithic hunter's grave in which the dead was buried seated and bound, covered with red ochre. In the Bronze Age, flint deposits were mined near the village of Rybniki — the craters of shafts and spoil heaps are still legible today.
Supraśl and smaller forest villages make the best bases; trails and forest roads favour cycling and mushroom picking, and routes lead through former borderland villages. A curious footnote: the forest is famous for its multi-generational moonshine traditions — the local speciality is bukwicówka, a vodka flavoured with common herniaria.
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